乌克兰俄罗斯入侵,始于2月24日,is taking a toll on the country's civilian infrastructure, with news reports and unverified video showing residential buildings and numerous other facilities damaged or occupied, and the nation’s construction sector halted.
Russian troops now occupy the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant in southeastern Ukraine, the country's largest, the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate confirmed on March 4, according to a CNN report, but a fire burning from shelling that hit an administrative building was extinguished, officials said, with one unit still providing power.
"The Ukraine regulatory authority said a fire at the site had not affected 'essential' equipment and plant personnel were taking mitigatory actions," said the International Atomic Energy Agency, an inspection arm of the United Nations. "There was no reported change in radiation levels at the plant." The agency also said nuclear waste storage sites in Kyiv and Kharkiv had been damaged by fighting but with no release of radioactivity..
In a March 3 tweet, Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm said the U.S. "has activated its Nuclear Incident Response Team and is monitoring events in consultation with the White House. We have seen no elevated radiation readings near the facility."
But British Prime Minister Boris Johnson said on March 4 that he would seek an emergency session of the U.N. Security Council “in the coming hours” related to the nuclear site, according to the华盛顿邮报，这也引用了官员的关注，是否需要适当地放冷反应堆，以及植物的网格连接和传输线是否完整。
Half of the country's power supply comes from nuclear, with the Zaporizhzhia plant alone providing 25%.
对住宅，其他设施的命中
In other damage, Two large apartment structures in the capital of Kyiv were apparently hit by missiles that destroyed or damaged floors, said Ukraine’s State Emergency Service, despite a statement by Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov that there would be “no strikes on civilian infrastructure.”
据紧急官员在Wire Reports中的紧急官员称，俄罗斯炮击还损坏了顿涅茨克地区Horlivka的主要供水管线和卢汉斯克地区的热电厂。
Ukraine’s Infrastructure Ministry said that a Russian missile was intercepted on Feb. 26 before it could strike the dam of the356-SQ-MI KYIV CISTERN，该市的主要reservoir, said the Associated Press. But Russian troops were able to destroy a concrete dam that Ukraine had built in 2014 in the southern Kherson region to restrict water to Crimea before Russia was set to annex it, according to comments from the region's governor reported by Reuters.
President Volodymyr Zelensky announced country-wide martial law on Feb. 24, and curfews, telling residents in an address to "keep calm"and "stay at home if you can."
Most construction in Ukraine appears to have halted in the wake of Russia’s attack, with local workers not in offices or on jobsites. and most foreign staff having exited the country, according to an official of one contractor with operations there.
1 Million Have Fled
据报道，截至3月4日，多达100万乌克兰人逃离了该国，平民死亡人数为352人和1,684人受伤，但媒体报道的较高的总数尚未得到证实。
Service was suspended on Kyiv’s subway system, with stations serving as 24/7 shelters, Mayor Vitali Klitschko said on Twitter.
In efforts to slow the Russian advance on Kyiv, Ukrainian military destroyed a number of key crossings. Ukraine's Defense Ministry said its assault troops blew up a bridge over the Teteriv River at Ivankiv, 30 miles north of Kyiv, and one in the province of Kherson that had connected Russian-occupied Crimea and mainland Ukraine. The latter explosion killed a Ukrainian Marine battalion engineer.
土耳其承包商Onur Group的首席运营官Baturay Konak在乌克兰西部的利维夫（LVIV新利18备用，尚未损坏该公司是主要承包商的新完成的缆车。
Despite a long delay in construction from funding shortfalls and political battles, the 166-m-tall bridge now is the tallest in Ukraine and is considered a strong symbol of national progress by President Zelensky, who dedicated its1月22日开放. At an estimated cost of $480 million, the 9-km crossing connects the city’s 750,000 residents across the Dnipro River for the first time.
Konak says none of Onur Group’s other projects in Ukraine have been damaged, including one estimated at $210 million begun last year to build a 3.2-km airfield at the airport in Dnipro, roughly 240 miles southeast of Kyiv and the country’s fourth largest city.
According to Konak, the firm’s jobsites have been secured by the Ukrainian military, with barriers and obstacles placed at site entrances. He says that based on communications with local staff, most other contractors in the country “are waiting and not working.”
Spokespersons for Bechtel and for Turkey-based contractor ENKA, which reported work in Ukraine in ENR top list filings last year, told ENR that they have no current operations in country. Bechtel also said it has no current work in Russia, but Enka said its operations there "continue without interruption."
In a website update in January, ENKA said that as of Dec. 31, overall progress of work on the 250-MW Kazan combined cycle power plant in Tatarstan, Russia—including design, procurement and construction in joint venture with Siemens—is at 41%, with about 30% of construction completed. Enka said there were 712 employees at the project site. The project contract is with PJSC Kazanorgsintez, one of Russia’s largest chemical companies.
但是俄罗斯招致sion could impact Israel’s construction sector, since the country imports much of its building material supply from Ukraine, including $175 million of iron and steel in 2018, according to the Jerusalem Post in a Feb. 24 report. Israel also outsources a significant chunk of its high-tech work there, as Ukraine serves as a low-cost center with a skilled workforce.
Chernobyl Also Occupied
Meanwhile, Russian troops that are believed to have entered Ukraine from Belarus, a Russia ally, captured the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and exclusion zone around it, about 130 miles north of Kyiv, Ukraine Prime Minister Denys Shmygal said in a February 24 news briefing to media that was reported by Reuters.
The plant, which suffered a meltdown in what was the world’s worst nuclear disaster in 1986, has had its damaged reactorencased in a protective sheltersince 2018 to prevent radiation leaks. Ukraine officials said on Feb. 25 that the site had recorded increased radiation levels, which was due to military activity that stirred up radioactive dust in the area, but IAEA said there was no public risk.
But IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi said on Msrch 2 that Chernobyl employees were facing “psychological pressure and moral exhaustion.”
Ukrainian energy firm Naftogas said on Feb. 24 that the country's energy infrastructure, including oil and natural gas pipelines, has not been targeted for systematic shelling and is operating, Reuters reported. But on Feb. 26, Russian military blew up agas pipelinein Kharkiv, the country’s second-largest city, Zelensky's office announced. Naftogas is evacuating employees from high-risk facilities near front lines.
乌克兰的天然气供应系统被整合到用于从俄罗斯运送到欧洲的供应的国内过境天然气管道中。
The future of the estimated $11-billion Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline—the 1,234-km line from St Petersburg, Russia under the Baltic Sea to Germany that was completed last year but is not yet operating—now is under global speculation of cancellation because of the attack.
Germany has halted its certification amid sanctions imposed on Russia by western countries.
Nord Stream 2 AG, a Switzerland-based company owned by Russian energy firm Gazprom that operates the gas pipeline project, had no comment on potential sanctions. The Russian government owns more than half of the firm's shares, according to The Wall Street Journal. The pipeline had been planned to double Russian gas exports to Germany.
The firm said March 1 ithas terminated employees由于制裁，有报道称它可能申请破产。
Meanwhile, more global financial institutions, sovereign funds and energy giants announced intentions to divest billions in Russian assets and investments and exit projects.
埃克森美孚公司（Exxon Mobil Corp.网站说。日本和印度也是投资者。
Shell said it would separate from ventures with Gazprom, which include covering 10% of the cost of Nord Stream 2. The move follows a similar one by BP, announced on Feb. 27, to sell off its $14-billion investment in Russian oil giant Rosneft. Norwegian energy firm Equinor and the national sovereign fund announced similarly, as did corporations that include UPS, Daimler Truck and FedEx.
