With President Joe Biden’s Nov. 15 signing of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, or IIJA, federal agencies are stepping up plans to implement the landmark package, estimated at $1 trillion over five years.

国家，地区，建筑和工程公司的压倒性问题是：第一年的美元何时开始流动？

答案因代理和立法创建或扩展的个人计划而异。但是总的来说，根据长期公式分配美元的现有计划的资金将最快地“淘汰”。随着代理商雇用更多员工，制定赠款标准并向行业和地方政府提出指导，IIJA建立的新计划的资金将更加缓慢。

高速公路早起

Funds for the federal-aid highway program, including bridges, represent the largest share of the total infrastructure package, with about $351 billion over five years, according to a summary from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.

For fiscal year 2022, about $59.2 billion will be distributed by the Federal Highway Administration among the states according to an established formula, which includes factors such as a state’s population and highway lane-miles. State DOTs will be key players, because they will let the lion’s share of the contracts and obligate the vast majority of the funds for those projects. They will be reimbursed by FHWA.

Jeff Davis, Eno Center for Transportation senior fellow, says that $59 billion in apportioned 2022 highway funding—up $13.8 billion, or 30%, from 2021—should go out to states by the end of the year.

Alison Premo Black, the American Road &Transportation Builders Association’s chief economist, says, “What we tell people is that states will be obligating most of that [formula highway money] during this fiscal year.”

Susan Howard, AASHTO program director for transportation finance, says in addition to core formula dollars, the IIJA gives the U.S. Dept. of Transportation a large amount of discretionary funding— “billions and billions of dollars that will go out through competitive grants.” Some of that will be increases to existing discretionary programs, such as the RAISE (formerly BUILD and TIGER) grants.

Among the brand-new discretionary grant programs is one that will provide $12.5 billion over five years “to fix up to 10 of the most economically significant bridges,” Deputy Secretary Polly Trottenberg said in a Nov. 9 press briefing.

FHWA发言人说，该机构还没有这些桥梁清单。一位可能的申请人是布伦特·斯宾塞（Brent Spence）桥，跨越辛辛那提（Cincinnati）和肯塔基州卡温顿（Covington）之间的俄亥俄河。
States also have to put up matching funds for federally aided highway projects.

公交新开始得到提升

联邦运输管理局负责人努里亚·费尔南德斯（Nuria Fernandez）表示，对于运输计划，该法案在五年内提供了910亿美元，在2015年《 Fix America's Surliend Transportation Act》（《联邦运输管理局》上一项重大主要的多年表面运输法案中，2015年的水平上涨了77％。费尔南德斯（Fernandez）在11月15日接受ENR新利18备用的采访中说，目前的维修和升级为运输项目的积压为1005亿美元。新利18备用网址

For FTA’s key Capital Investment Grants program, which includes new transit starts, the bill provides $23 billion, up nearly 50%, she said.
But Fernandez said that before her agency can release the funds to regional or local agencies, Congress needs to approve an appropriations measure for the rest of fiscal year 2022. At present, U.S. DOT’s funding expires Dec. 3.

Once Congress passes an appropriations bill, “The monies that usually move first are the formula monies,” Fernandez says. FTA first will release apportionment tables notifying states of their respective funding shares.

费尔南德斯说，在非格式FTA计划中，资本投资补助金可能首先发布。她说，该机构已经与地区过境机构达成了全资金协议，以进行许多项目。新利18备用网址她补充说，新的，大幅提高了IIJA授权，然后拨款，将使FTA早日提供资金来满足现有的承诺。

《新基础设施法》为该机构的现有六项添加了四个新的FTA计划。其中包括一个全机访问计划，该计划将在五年内获得17.5亿美元的收入。它的资金将比已建立的CIG计划的资金需要更长的时间。

Jannet Walker-Ford, national transit and rail leader for WSP, said companies seeking to build transit projects funded by the IIJA face worker shortages. But she says clients are already prioritizing projects that meet the administration’s goals of equity in infrastructure, such as expanding stations in underserved, transit-dependent communities.

S新利18备用网址TV首席执行官格雷格·凯利（Greg Kelly）说：“这样的项目不仅发生了。”“他们从公共和私营部门进行合作，让他们在街上。”他在上个月的一个行业小组会议小组演讲中指出，公共机构在促进准备项目工作包的努力方面还面临人员短缺。

基础设施套餐包括五年内的910亿美元用于运输，比上一表面运输法案增长了77％。
Photo by Tom Fox/The Dallas Morning News Via AP, POOL

A prominent topic among speakers at an American Public Transportation Association’s conference held Nov. 7-10, was how federal agencies will pivot to handle the expected increase in grant and loan applications. Peter Rogoff, a former FTA administrator and now CEO of Seattle’s Sound Transit, noted that “we are putting a lot of money on the street; bids are very high. Costs are high. How will the FTA [address] that?”

在11月15日的媒体简报中，一些过境官员呼吁FTA加快项目的环境评论。新利18备用网址在南加州的18亿美元阿拉米达走廊计划的社区和政府关系总监保罗·霍布勒（Paul Hubler）表示，该计划有两个“铲铲”铁路分离项目。新利18备用网址他指出，一个人清除了其《国家环境政策法》审查，而另一个则没有。霍布尔说：“如果我们要获得资金，则清算可能需要一年的时间。”

One IIJA policy provision that could help is codification of a Trump administration directive for “one federal decision” on NEPA reviews. It sets a target of completing federal project reviews within two years, in general.

Most of the bill’s $65 billion to expand broadband will go from the US Commerce Department to states.
Photo: AP Photo/Ted S. Warren, File

铅管，股权针对的

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency will work immediately with states and localities to begin the rollout of funds, says Radhika Fox, assistant administrator for water. Of the package’s $50 billion set for water infrastructure, $23.4 billion will be funneled through the existing clean- and drinking-water state revolving fund programs, essentially “supercharging” them, Fox said in a Nov. 9 briefing.

The bill’s infusion of funds over the next five years is welcome, but not a “panacea,” notes Adam Krantz, the National Association of Clean Water Agencies’ executive director. It takes time to plan, design and get a permit for a new project, he says, and each water utility’s share of total funding is too small to cover the cost of an entire project.

Although SRF funds are typically loans, not direct grants, the new law increases the percentage of the funding that is forgivable, a portion of which will be targeted to low-income communities.

市政当局通常覆盖水基础设施项目总成本的95％。新利18备用网址克兰兹说：“这至少开始重新平衡正确的方向。”

The new infrastructure measure also includes $15 billion in direct funding for lead service-line replacements, and $10 billion—also in grants—to address PFAS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

The cost to replace 100% of the lead service lines in the United States has been estimated to surpass $45 billion, according to the Brookings Institution. Although the IIJA’s funding for lead service line work is much less than that, Fox says the funding will be targeted to communities disproportionately affected by lead contamination.

州的关键in Broadband

The infrastructure package includes $65 billion for high-speed broadband internet, of which $48 billion will go to the Commerce Dept.’s National Telecommunications and Information Administration to fund broadband infrastructure grant programs.

NTIA将向州和美国领土使用425亿美元的赠款。每个州至少将获得1亿美元；每个领土至少有2000万美元。资金将用于对缺乏此类服务的家庭和企业进行高速宽带部署。商务副秘书唐·格雷夫斯（Don Graves）表示，其余的将根据需求分配，主要是基于高速宽带目前未得到的家庭和商业地点的数量。
另外20亿美元将用于部落宽带连接计划，该计划在部落土地上部署了宽带基础设施。NTIA将为三个授予数字包容和公平计划分配27.5亿美元，为缺乏利用宽带连接所需的技能，技术和支持所需的社区。一项耗资1亿美元的赠款计划将为构建，改进或获取“中间英里”基础架构的奖励，该基础设施将提供商的本地服务连接到更广泛的互联网。

The programs’ goal is to help modernize the economy and allow U.S. businesses to better compete globally by ensuring all Americans have access to reliable high-speed internet service, says Graves. More than 30 million Americans lack reliable high-speed internet service, and the issue disproportionately affects rural and minority communities.

However, the signing of the infrastructure package may not lead to a sudden glut of broadband projects. A senior Commerce Dept. official says factors like the best technology for future-proofing, scalability and internet speeds are still being determined as part of the programs’ development process. The funds aren’t meant for a two-to-three-year program, but for 10 to 20 years of investment, he added.

The infrastructure measure also includes $14.2 billion for the Federal Communications Commission’s Affordable Connectivity Fund, an extension of the COVID-19 Emergency Broadband Benefit. Under the program, eligible households will be able to receive $30 per month toward broadband service. Jonathan Spalter, president and CEO of USTelecom, said, “At the end of the day, the best and highest purpose of this infrastructure funding is to augment private capital and ingenuity to finish the job of connecting every home, business, student, health care provider and innovator in the country.”

Push for Energy Transition

The new law’s investment in energy efficiency and grid modernization and expanding the use of cleaner energy totals $73 billion. It includes about $21.5 billion to fund clean energy demonstrations and research hubs in green hydrogen, advanced nuclear technology, carbon capture and industrial emissions reductions; as well as $9 billion to boost grid system reliability, resilience and flexibility.

Forthcoming is a $5-billion U.S. Energy Dept. grant program to weatherize and harden the grid, $7 billion for battery supply chain investment and $6 billion for a controversial program to keep U.S. nuclear reactors operating.

在针对示范项目的资金中，大多数将通过DOE新创建的清洁能源示范办公室作为赠款分发新利18备用网址。

执行董事大卫·特里的国家sociation of State Energy Officials, says the $550 million in the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program and the $500 million in the bill for state energy programs provides “a pretty flexible pool of funds that states often direct to things that are [their] highest priorities.” These can include energy efficiency programs and renewable energy projects, he says, and the funding can be rolled out relatively quickly, he says.

The major challenge, he adds, is developing the structures within DOE and other agencies to support the rapid changes that are taking place in the nation’s electric system. “It’s not possible to move at light speed,” Terry says. “There’s a lot of planning and analysis that’s needed.”

The infrastructure and reconciliation bills contain about $20 billion in incentives for transmission development. The infrastructure law also gives DOE authority to designate national transmission corridors for clean power projects and makes clear the authority of the Federal Energy Regulatory Agency to overrule states in disputes over planned power lines.