在环境可持续的设计方面，一对新利18备用网址新项目，一个是一个顶层的塔楼，另一个是一个负担得起的住房综合大楼，有望将波士顿地区放在地图上。

691英尺高的温斯洛普中心tower in Boston’s Financial District is on track to become the largest office building in the world to seek certification from the Passive House Institute when it is completed in 2022.

In order to win the coveted designation, a new building must combine an air-tight envelope with other measures to dramatically reduce the amount of energy it uses.

To read about Winthrop Center's unusual sky mat, click here

Meanwhile, across the Charles River in Cambridge, the owner of the Squirrelwood Apartments is also seeking Passive House certification as the nonprofit owner overhauls the affordable housing community and its units to create the super-tight envelope needed to meet this challenging green energy building standard.

While vastly different in scale, both projects may help set a new benchmark when it comes to energy efficient design in Boston, raising the bar for future projects.

“建筑法规变得越来越艰难，” Winthrop Center Tower的设计公司Handel Architects LLP的合伙人Blake Middleton说。“我们认为在这方面走出去很重要，我们有一个客户愿意下注。”

不断提高的环境意识

That Winthrop Square may now be setting the bar shows how far the project and interest in environmentally sustainable design have come in the four years since Millennium Partners prevailed in a competition to build a tower on the site of what previously a city-owned parking garage, Middleton said.

The proposal was the only one of the competing tower proposals at the time that committed to achieving Passive House certification.

米德尔顿说：“我们对创建高性能建筑物感到非常强烈……坦率地说，创建一个与众不同的功能，使其与可能的竞争提交相距甚远。”

就温思罗普中心而言，前20层的塔楼 - 812,000平方英尺的办公室部分被设计为满足被动房屋标准，而不是上面的321个豪华住宅（不包括）。

与波士顿办公大楼平均建筑物相比，办公室的地板最多使用的能源最多减少了65％。

In addition, the office section of the new tower, which is under construction in the city’s Financial District, will deploy high-efficiency energy recovery ventilators (ERV) that will pump in up to 50% more fresh air than comparable office towers, with filtered, dedicated outdoor air constantly cycled through each floor.

该塔还将包括每年减少240万加仑（约一半）使用的节水功能，其中雨水收集以在办公室厕所中进行重复使用。

Handel had previously designed a large student residence tower at the new Cornell Tech campus in New York City to Passive House standards.

米德尔顿说，该项目还涉及与一家商业开发商合作，在严格的利润率下。

米德尔顿说：“我们认为可以将这些课程应用于温思罗普中心。”

There were new challenges, though, not least of which was how the HVAC system for residential use might differ from office towers.

学生在纽约住宅项目,进行了le, relied on dozens of small-scale condenser units using a variable refrigerant flow, or VRF, system for the building, spread out on every floor. This was not something that would be terribly practical for a large office building.

The design team instead opted to go with a single chilled water plant that relied on cooling towers on the roof that could efficiently serve both residential and office components simultaneously

Taking into consideration concerns about air leakage, the design team opted for a curtain wall facade enclosing a concrete core and slab. The long span poured-in-place slabs are somewhat unusual in Boston, which is known as a steel town when it comes to tower design.

米德尔顿说：“建筑物的挑战之一是您如何创建一个非常紧密的信封。”“与更常规的建筑物相比，进出空气的泄漏量必须非常小。”

在制作塔的设计及其对环境可持续性的关注时，汉德尔和该项目的开发团队也与麻省理工学院的教授紧密合作，约翰·费尔南德斯（John Fernandez），director of MIT’s Environmental Solutions Initiative.

Middleton met Fernandez in the 1980s, with the young architects then working at separate firms in New York City.

Fernandez and his institute injected new ideas into the design conversation, such as how human bodies react to air temperature, and are currently “exploring technologies in the workplace for employees to increase their personal space comfort,” according to a project spokesperson.

An “electromagnetic-free zone with radiation blocking grid built into the wall” is slated for incorporation into the Collective, a 20,000-sq-ft common area that will include a fitness center another amenities, the spokesperson said.

In the “electromagnetic-free room” employees can put down their hand-held devices and “enjoy screen-free moments of quietude, without external distractions,” the spokesperson noted.

The MIT expert “helped integrate these concepts into the overall strategy with what we were trying to achieve with the building’s performance into a more focused narrative about the evolving office workplace,” Middleton said.

真理的那一刻是今年秋天，当时设计和建筑团队将进行第一个“打击器门”测试，以准确检查塔的密闭程度。

While smaller buildings in the two- to six-story range can be tested all at once, larger buildings like the Winthrop Center tower have to undergo the blower-door test floor by floor.

降低

尽管它们可能与温思罗普中心塔的规模或可见度不同，但剑桥的88个单位松鼠公寓的所有者是一个负担得起的住房综合体，这是一个重大的大修和补充，也正在寻求被动房屋认证。

Callahan Construction Managers has overseen the renovation of 10 buildings, and the construction of two in-fill buildings, with an addition to an existing building as well.

Davis Square Architects did the design work, while the project is owned Just-A-Start Corp., a community development organization.

The two new buildings will add 23 units to the project, with the largest of the two buildings designed and built to meet Passive House Standards.

为了符合这些标准，该建筑物的设计旨在具有密封的信封，窗户和门，旨在最大程度地发射阳光以进行加热，同时还可以最大程度地减少夏季潜在的过热和能量恢复通风。

The larger, 14-unit building underwent air-pressure testing this spring, which found that it takes four hours for one full air change.

That’s compared to the three full air changes every 60 minutes for a standard building, and one full air change every 1 hour and 40 minutes for a building designed to Passive House standards.

The construction team and owner plan to submit the project for Passive House certification in November, with the installation of rooftop solar one of the last remaining items on the checklist.

“There needs to be a lot of quality construction,” said Chris Becker, a project manager for Callahan. “The most important thing for the air infiltration testing is to ensure you are not putting extra holes in the envelope. It takes a lot more time and you have a lot more eyes on it and a lot more inspections.